In our previous article, we explained what Post-Quantum Cryptography (PQC) is and why it’s increasingly making headlines. But you might still be asking yourself, “Do I really need to worry about this quantum threat?” Let’s explore why PQC is relevant to you, even if you’re not directly involved with IT or cybersecurity.

Quantum Computers: A Real and Growing Risk

Quantum computers are advancing rapidly, with global tech giants, governments, and research institutions investing heavily in their development. The concern isn’t just theoretical. Quantum computing breakthroughs continue to happen, bringing us closer to the point where today’s encryption methods could become vulnerable.

What Does This Mean for You?

Quantum computing will eventually impact everyone. Think about the data you rely on every day:

• Personal Information: Health records, financial data, emails, and private messages.
• Business Data: Contracts, strategic plans, customer databases, intellectual property.
• Infrastructure and National Security: Energy grids, banking systems, communications networks.

If quantum computers can break current encryption methods, all this sensitive information could become accessible to malicious actors. The consequences could range from privacy breaches and identity theft to compromised national infrastructure.

Store Now, Decrypt Later – An Immediate Risk

There’s also a more immediate risk known as “store now, decrypt later.” Cybercriminals and state actors may already be capturing encrypted data today, planning to decrypt it once quantum computers become powerful enough. This means sensitive information stored securely now could potentially be exposed in the future.

Long-Term Implications: IoT and Operational Technology

Consider technology with a long lifespan, especially in IoT (Internet of Things) and OT (Operational Technology). Systems being installed today—like infrastructure controllers, sensors, and industrial equipment—often remain operational for decades. These systems must be secured against future quantum threats right now, or they risk becoming vulnerabilities later.

Why Now?

The UK’s National Cyber Security Centre (NCSC) recently issued guidelines with timelines for businesses to transition safely to quantum-resistant cryptography. Preparing early is crucial because transitioning cryptographic systems isn’t instant—it requires careful planning, strategy, and gradual implementation.

• By 2028: Know what you need to protect and how.
• By 2031: Upgrade the most critical systems first.
• By 2035: Complete the migration entirely.

Is it Urgent for Everyone?

Not every organisation faces immediate high-level threats. However, those handling sensitive data, operating critical infrastructure, or in regulated industries need to be proactive. For others, understanding and preparing early helps avoid costly, rushed responses later.

At CyberHive, we’ve helped organisations proactively secure their data and systems for years, preparing them not just for quantum threats but also enhancing their overall cybersecurity posture.

In the final article of this series, we’ll look at simple, practical steps your organisation can take to start transitioning to Post-Quantum Cryptography, making it manageable rather than overwhelming.